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History

A history of resistance

Generations of Mongolians have striven for independence and self-determination. From earlier movements for self-rule to today’s efforts to defend our language, land and basic rights, we continue to seek the freedom to shape our own future.

Earlier
generations
Self-determination

De Wang, Hafengga and the pursuit of self-rule

The efforts of De Wang, Hafengga and others form part of the history of Mongolian self-determination. Today, we continue to work for freedom and independence.

September 1981 · Hohhot

Students stand up for Mongolian rights

In 1981, Mongol students took to the streets to defend their homeland and their rights. Their actions form part of the continuing pursuit of self-determination in Southern Mongolia.

Hada, March 2014
Hada, photographed in March 2014 while held in suburban Hohhot. Photo: SMHRIC. Source
1992–1995 · Hohhot

Hada and the Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance

Hada has devoted his life to advocating for Southern Mongolian rights and has endured years of imprisonment and continued detention. We call for his freedom and the release of Southern Mongolian political prisoners.

Source: joint statement, 14 April 2025

Hada: political prisoner →
A street march during the May 2011 protests
A street march during the May 2011 protests for Mongolian herders’ rights. Photo: SMHRIC. Source
May 2011 · Xilingol

Mergen and the grassland protests

Mergen’s death in 2011 brought students and herders together in protest. They stood up for their grasslands, their way of life and their rights.

Mongolian words for Mother Tongue painted on a protester’s face
“Mother Tongue” face paint during the 2020 protests over Mongolian-language education. Photo: SMHRIC, August 29, 2020. Source
August–September 2020 · Region-wide

School boycotts for Mongolian-language education

In 2020, parents and students stood up for education in Mongolian. Their protests affirmed the importance of passing our language, script and culture to the next generation.

Free Hada.

Since his arrest in 1995, Hada has faced years of imprisonment and continued detention. We call for information about his whereabouts and health, and for his freedom to be restored.

Read the joint statement →